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  • Basic Theory of Rubber

    Theory

    Rubber Definition (KS M 6641)

    It is a material that deforms when a weak force is applied at room temperature but restores to its original form when the external force is removed. The product once vulcanized cannot be reformed in the permeant form by applying heat and/or pressure.

    Vulcanized Rubber

    The elastic substance that deforms when the external force is applied but restores to its original form when removed. A strong bond is generated between rubber molecules by applying sulfur or other cross linking agent on the raw material rubber.

    Rubber Type by Raw Materials

    NATURAL RUBBER

    Resin of the Hevea brasiliensis rubber tree
    is 'tapped', that is, wounded to collect its sap
    and it is solidified to produce the rubber.

    It has been collected
    from the Amazon River since 1800.
    → Processing Method : Centrifugation and evaporation

    Rubber Tree Sap Collection

    Para Rubber Tree

    NATURAL RUBBER

    SYNTHETIC RUBBER

    It is produced as a petroleum by-product and widely produced.

    Type : SBR, EPDM, ECO, FKM etc.

    TAPPING

    Rubber Type

    Rubber Type
    Type Key Description
    NATURAL RUBBER

    - Resin of the Hevea brasiliensis rubber tree is 'tapped', that is, wounded to collect its sap and it is solidified to produce the rubber.

    - It has been collected from the Amazon River since 1800

    → Processing Method: Centrifugation and evaporation

    SYNTHETIC RUBBER - It is produced as a petroleum by-product and widely produced.
    - Type: SBR, EPDM, ECO, FKM etc.
    고무의 종류와 화학구조
    Type Abbreviation
    (ASTM D 1418)
    Chemical Structure Usage
    Nitrile Rubber NBR 니트릴고무의 화학구조입니다. Bearing seal, Encoder seal,
    Shock absorber seal
    Hydrogenated Nitrile Rubber HNBR 수소첨가 니트릴고무의 화학구조입니다. Power steering seal
    Fluorine Rubber FKM 불소고무의 화학구조입니다. Engine seal,
    Valve stem seal
    Acrylic Rubber ACM 아크릴고무의 화학구조입니다. Transmission seal,
    O/D-Ring
    Ethylene-Propylene Rubber EPDM 에틸렌-프로필렌고무의 화학구조입니다. O-RING, Gasket
    Brake用 CUP, Seal piston
    Silicon Rubber VMQ 실리콘고무의 화학구조입니다. O-Ring, Gasket
    Fluorine Silicon Rubber FVMQ 불소 실리콘 고무의 화학구조입니다. O-Ring, Gasket
    Chloroprene Rubber CR 클로로프렌 고무의 화학구조입니다. Seal, Boot
    Styrene-Butadiene Rubber SBR 스티렌-부타디엔고무의 화학구조입니다. Diaphragm
    Polyurethane Rubber AU 우레탄고무의 화학구조입니다. Seal
  • Rubber

    NR

    NR

    NR (natural rubber) is polyisoprene, the single isoprene polymer, which is a systolic array 1 and 4 where the first and fourth carbon atoms are located at the same side of the double bond. It has outstanding mechanical characteristics and anti-flexibility, but it is vulnerable to environmental conditions such as heat and ozone as well as acids and oils. Applied Products: Engine mount, trailing arm bush, etc.

    Power Train System : ENG MOUNT, T/M MOUNT, Roll ROD
    Suspension & Chassis System : STRUT MOUNT, SUB-FRAME  MOUNT, REAR STRUT  INSULATOR MOUNT, TRAILING ARM BUSH

    EPDM

    EPDM

    EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber) has good tensile strength within the wide hardness range, and it has very excellent ozone resistance, weather resistance, chemical resistance and electric insulation. Its particular strengths are low temperature flexibility, high temperature performance and ozone resistance. Vulcanized peroxide has good heat resistance and compressive elongation up to 150℃. Applied Products: Diaphragm, cup and seal for brakes, gasket for fuel cell vehicles, capacitor seal, etc.

    Poppet, DIAPHRAGM, CUP, Seal piston, Fuelcell gasket
    RADIATOR HOSE, RESERVOIR HOSE, RADIATOR HOSE, OIL COOLER HOSE

    FKM

    FKM

    FKM (fluorocarbon rubber) is a high fluoride polymer and it is heat-resistant, ozone-resistant, weather-resistant, flame- retardant, and resistant to oxidative agents. Owing to the C-F bond, the inactive bonding structure with high bonding energy, it is the most heat-resistant and chemical-resistant among rubber materials that are currently commercialized. It maintains rubber elastance up to 200℃ and it is usable up to 300℃ for a short time of period. The triple element copolymer has better chemical resistance and oil resistance than the dual element copolymer, and is used as a highly functional material. Applied Products : Engine seal, Valve stem seal, O-Ring, Gasket, etc

    Engine seal, Valve stem seal, O-Ring, Gasket

    NBR

    NBR

    NBR (acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber) is a copolymer composed of butadiene and acrylonitrile. The higher acrylonitrile content is, the higher resistance to oils and fuel oils is, but the lower rubber elastance and permanent compressive elongation are. As NBR has mechanical and wear characteristics superior to other elastic substances, it is widely used in hydraulic and pneumatic equipment, the vehicle, the vessel, the aviation fuel system, the fuel hose and the hydraulic seal material. Applied Products : Bearing seal, Shock absorber seal, Hose, etc

    Bearign seal, Shock absorber seal, Shock absorber seal

    HNBR

    HNBR

    Hydrogen added acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (HNBR) is produced by adding and reacting controlled hydrogen selectively to NBR. The added hydrogen level varies depending on catalyst quantity and reaction conditions. HNBR has very good mechanical properties and it possess excellent resistance to ozone, environmental aging, high temperature air and moisture. Applied Products : Power steering seal, and refrigerant O-ring for vehicles and home appliances

    O-Ring, Power steering seal

    ACM

    ACM

    ACM (polyacrylate rubber) is excellently resistant to heat, oil and ozone. It is a saturated copolymer composed of acrylate ester monomer and bridging monomer. Its key properties vary depending on the raw material rubber type, the bridging monomer and the formation method. Applied Products : T/M oil seal and O/D-ring

    Diff side seal, BPS, BCS, O/D-Ring

    SBR

    SBR

    SBR (styrene-butadiene rubber) is a copolymer of styrene and butadiene. Vulcanized SBR has elastance and low temperature characteristics inferior to the vulcanized natural rubber but has heat resistance superior to it. The main operating temperature range is -50℃ to 100℃. It has low ozone resistance but it is possible to improve it by adding the antiozonant. Vulcanized SBR is resistant to non-petroleum automotive brake oil, silicon oil, grease, glycol and water. Applied Products : T/M oil seal and O/D-ring

    DIAPHRAGM

    VMQ

    VMQ

    VMQ (silicon rubber) is silica reinforced bridging polymer. With its excellent characteristics of weather-resistance and heat-resistance as well as excellent low temperature and electric characteristics, it is usable in the range from -50 to 200℃. In addition, since its fluidity is better than conventional organic rubber, it is easy to process and to color using the pigment and/or the additive. Moreover, since it has low hydrocarbon content, it does not combust easily and its properties change little even if exposed to oxygen, ozone or UV in the air for a long time. Applied Products : O-Ring, Engine Seal, Gasket, etc

    Engine Seal, O-Ring, Gasket

    CR

    CR

    For CR (chloroprene rubber), since its main chain mostly has a perfect trans-1 and -4 structure, it has highly structural regularity. It possesses excellent resistance to ozone cracking, heat aging and strong chemicals, and offers good resistance to silicon oil and grease. Its operating temperature range is between -40℃ and 100℃. Applied Products : O-Ring, Engine Seal, Gasket, etc

    Dust cover, C.V JOINT BOOT

    ECO

    ECO

    ECO (epichlorohydrin rubber) is saturated aliphatic polyether polymer with chloromethyl side chain. There are three types of epichlorohydrin rubber as follows
    - CO : Epichlorohydrin homo-polymer
    - ECO : Copolymer of epichlorohydrin and ethylene oxide
    - GECO : triple element copolymer of epichlorohydrin, ethylene oxide and unsaturated monomers
    ECO rubber is heat-resistant, oil-resistant, ozone-resistant and flame-retardant. Applied Products : HOSE, FDP

    OIL COOLER HOSE
    VAPOR HOSE, LEVELING HOSE, FILLER NECK HOSE, FDP
  • Plastic
    자동차

    It refers to the massive molecular weight material, that is, the polymer material composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and organic or mineral elements. Since its final usage state is solid but during the production process, it is heated and compressed to change into the fluidal state, it is possible to form it alone or in composite into the desired form. One of the ways to understand such polymer is to monitor the state when a given small molecule attains bigger molecular weight. For instance, hydrocarbons are in a gaseous state when the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms is small, that is, the molecular weight is small as in methane or ethane, but when the number of carbon atoms increases, its state becomes liquid and when it increases more, it becomes solid. If the number of carbon atoms increase beyond this state, it starts to assume plastic properties. Its plastic property starts with approximately 1000 carbon atoms.

    Plastic
    Item Material Name
    (IUPAC Naming Method)
    Chemical Structure Usage
    Thermoplastic Resin PTFE
    (PolyTetraFuoroEthylene)
    PTFE 화학구조입니다 Seal Ring
    ETFE
    (EthyleneTetraFluoro
    Ethylene)
    ETFE 화학구조입니다 Seal Ring
    PEEK
    (PolyEtherEtherKetone)
    PEEK 화학구조입니다 Seal Ring, Thrust Washer
    PA66
    (PolyAmide 66)
    PA66 화학구조입니다 Thrust Washer,
    Accumulator,
    VIS Valve
    Thermosetting Resin Phenol Phenol 화학구조입니다 Thrust Washer
    PAI
    (Polyamide imide)
    PAI 화학구조입니다 Seal Ring

    PA66

    PA66

    PA is common engineering plastic, which is produced the most widely in the market. Nylon collectively refers to long chain polymers polymerized by the amide bond (-NHCO-). Nylon 66 is acquired by dehydration and polycondensation of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid. Since its processability is very excellent, it is possible to make composite materials with other materials, which exhibit various properties. However, since it highly absorbs moisture, it has low electric resistance and dimensional stability. Applied Products : Engine Mount, Trailing Arm Bush, etc

    VIS VALVE, Oil level gauge, Tilt lever, Accumulator

    PTFE

    PTFE

    PTFE is heat resistant, cold resistant and chemical resistant, and it has excellently low frictional characteristics, cohesionless property and electric property. By its excellent nature, it is mainly used if various properties are required at the same time (for instance, heat resistant + electric conductance, chemical resistant + heat resistant or cohesionless + heat resistant). Specifically, in the areas where require chemical resistance and solvent resistance for chemical engineering industry and the semiconductor industry. Applied Products : SealRing

    SealRing

    ETFE

    ETFE

    ETFE is material acquired from copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and ethylene. ETFE is not fully fluorinated but is excellently chemical resistant and its continuous operating temperature is 150°C. Its strength is the highest among fluoride resins and it is injectable. Applied Products : SealRing

    SealRing

    PEEK

    PEEK

    PEEK (poly-ether ether ketone) is linear aromatic polymer with repeated components of oxy-1,4-phenylene-oxy-1,4-phenylene-carbonyl-1,4 phenylene structure. It has the highest performance among materials currently in use. It is highly heat resistant (melting point of 330℃), it has outstanding wear and chemical resistance against contacted parts and by compounding, broad characteristics are assigned to it. Applied Products : Thrust Washer, SealRing, etc

    SealRing

    PAI

    PAI

    PAI is the PI material of which processability is improved, where PI has high heat resistance but low injectability. It has very high tensile and impact strength. In addition, since it has highly thermosetting resin characteristics, it is generally excellent in every property, which it can be said to be a step higher heat resistant resin material. As it highly maintains mechanical strength at high temperature and its precision moldability is good, it is mainly used for perturbation parts. Applied Products : Thrust Washer, SealRing, etc

    SealRing

    PPS

    PPS

    It has the longest history among engineering plastics. It is generally used when combined with filler materials such as glass and/or rubber. It is a thermosetting resin produced with phenol and formaldehyde. Phenol resin is highly heat resistant, chemical resistant and dimensionally stable, and has a good property and price balance. In addition, since it coexists with various fillers without issues, it exhibits various properties. However, it is vulnerable to alkali and difficult to color. Applied Products : LPA PISTON

    SealRing